Bulimia Nervosa: An Un-Recognized Type of Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Bulimia nervosa is a type of eating disorder that is also known as bulimia. It’s a dangerous illness that can lead to death. It is defined as episodes of binge eating that are followed by inappropriate reaction actions such as purging. Forced vomiting, strenuous activity, or the use of laxatives or diuretics can all cause purging.
Overview of Bulimia Nervosa
According to studies, about 1.5 percent of women and .5 percent of males will develop bulimia at some point in their lives. It is most common in women, and it is most prevalent between adolescence and early adulthood. People having bulimia frequently have an unrealistic body image. They are concerned with their weight and are quite critical of themselves. Bulimia affects a large number of persons who are normal weight or even overweight. Bulimia can be difficult to detect and diagnose as a result of this. People having bulimia typically weigh within the normal weight range for their age and height. They may be afraid of gaining weight, desire to reduce weight, and be unsatisfied with their physique.
Symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa
Common symptoms of bulimia involve:
- A long-term fear about gaining weight
- Remarks regarding one’s weight
- Obsessiveness with one’s weight and appearance
- A deeply unfavorable self-perception
- Overeating
- A lot of vomiting
- A lack of participation in usual social activities
- Using too many laxatives or diuretics
- Using weight-loss supplements or herbs
- A lot of exercises
- Discolored teeth (from stomach acid)
- Calluses on the palms and backs of hands
- Going to the bathroom right after eating
- Refusing to eat in front of people
Possible Causes:
Bulimia’s actual cause is unknown. Genetics, biology, emotional health, societal expectations, and other factors could all have a part in the development of eating disorders.
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Risk Factors of Bulimia Nervosa
The fact that bulimia runs in families means that you may be predisposed to the condition. Other aspects to consider are:
- Being a woman
- Anxiety and depression-related disorders
- Substance abuse problems
- Traumatic experiences
- Stress
- Constant dieting
Complications of Bulimia Nervosa
Bulimia can have a variety of dangerous and even life-threatening consequences. Complications that may arise include:
- Low self-esteem, as well as issues with relationships and social functioning
- Dehydration, which can lead to serious health issues like renal failure.
- Cardiovascular issues, such as an irregular pulse or heart failure
- Females might have no or irregular periods
• Digestive issues - Anxiety, sadness, personality problems, or bipolar illness are all examples of anxiety disorders.
- Abuse of alcohol or other drugs
- Self-harm, suicidal ideation, or suicide
- Tooth enamel erosion as a result of repeated exposure to stomach acid
- Cavities in the teeth and discolored teeth
Prevention of Bulimia Nervosa
It’s difficult to tell how bulimia might be prevented because the underlying etiology of the condition is unknown. Educators and parents, on the other hand, can assist young people understand that the media’s “ideal” body type is unrealistic and, in some cases, dangerous.
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Diagnosis of Dysmorphic Disorder
- Your doctor will consider the criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to diagnose Bulimia Nervosa (DSM-5). The following are some of the diagnostic criteria for bulimia:
- Binge eating on a regular basis
- Vomiting on a regular basis
- Consistent purging practices, such as excessive exercise, laxative abuse, and fasting
- Determining self-worth based on body weight and shape
- At least once a week bingeing, purging, and purging habits for three months on average
- Not suffering from anorexia nervosa
Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa
Care focuses on mental health treatment as well as diet and nutrition instruction. It requires the development of a positive self-image and a positive connection with food. There are several treatment options available, including:
- Antidepressants, such as fluoxetine (Prozac), the only antidepressant approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of bulimia.
- Cognitive behavioral therapy, family-based therapy, and interpersonal psychotherapy are examples of psychotherapy, commonly known as talk therapy.
- Nutritionist support and nutrition instruction, which includes learning about healthy eating habits, creating a nutritious meal plan, and maybe a weight-loss program under supervision.
- Comprehensive treatment, which may include hospitalization in severe cases of bulimia.
Antidepressants, psychotherapy, and a collaborative approach between your doctor, mental health provider, and family and friends are all common components of successful treatment.
Live-in or day treatment programs are available at several eating disorder treatment centers. Patients in treatment facilities’ live-in programs are supported and cared for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Patients are able to attend classes, therapy sessions, and consume healthy meals. They could also do light yoga to improve their body awareness. Most important is to make sure that you seek a mental health provided that specializes in eating disorders.