Sexual Disorders

February 2 2022

Gender Dysphoria

Gender Dysphoria: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

When a person’s assigned gender does not match their gender identity, they experience gender dysphoria, which is characterized by distress and discomfort. People with gender dysphoria often want to live in accordance with their gender identity, and to that end, they may dress and act in ways that are associated with the gender with which they identify.

Overview Gender Dysphoria:

It can affect transgender and gender-nonconforming people at any time in their life. However, not everyone is impacted. With or without medical intervention, some transgender and gender-nonconforming people feel at ease in their bodies. The discrepancy between how society perceives you and how you physically and emotionally feel can result in extreme distress, worry, and despair. Gender dysphoria was previously referred to as “gender identity disorder,” but it is not a mental illness. Studies demonstrate that if gender dysphoria persists throughout puberty, the young person will likely continue to feel this way. Their internal sense of gender is not a decision for them. It’s part of who they are, and they require professional and social assistance.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Complications

Diagnosis

Treatment

Symptoms of Gender Dysphoria

A desire to shed their birth-gender-assigned gender’s primary sex characteristics
A wish to be regarded as if you were the other gender
A desire to have their desired gender identity’s primary and secondary sex characteristics
Their insistence on becoming a gender other than the one assigned to them at birth
Preferences for positions that are both male and female
A strong rejection of toys, games, and other items traditionally associated with their gender at birth.
Dressing in clothes that are normally associated with the opposite gender

People who suffer from gender dysphoria may show a strong desire to be the opposite gender on a regular basis. They are frequently unhappy with their birth-assigned sex’s gender roles and gender expressions. Dressing as their preferred gender, playing with toys that are generally associated with the opposite gender, and rejecting many gender-stereotypical behaviors are examples of this.

Causes of GD:

Gender dysphoria has no identified origin but it is thought to be caused by genes, hormonal influences in the womb, and environmental factors.
Adult-onset usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 30. It usually manifests itself in one of two ways:

The first is a continuation of gender dysphoria that began in infancy or early adolescence, usually in late adolescence or adulthood.
The more overt indications of cross-gender identity, on the other hand, appear later and more gradually, with a clinical presentation in early to mid-adulthood.

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Risk Factors of GD:

Prenatal exposure to some chemicals has been linked to problems with the development of sex determination before birth. There is a higher shared incidence between identical twins than between fraternal twins, which suggests a genetic relationship. Gender dysphoria most commonly manifests in early childhood. While the specific mechanisms are unknown, we do know that children are assigned a sex based on their physical anatomy when they are born. The sex assigned to a child at birth has a significant impact on how they are reared and how others interact with them. They may begin to feel a mismatch between their gender identification and their ascribed sex as they get older. In some cases, this mismatch can lead to feelings of it.

Complications of GD:

Dysphoria, when combined with a lack of social support, can lead to mental distress and other problems. Depression, anxiety, substance abuse, self-harm, and other mental health issues are some of the conditions connected with gender dysphoria. People with gender dysphoria have a higher risk of suicide than the overall population, according to research. Based on one study, 48.3% of people have had suicidal thoughts, and 23.8 percent have tried suicide at least once.

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Diagnosis of GD:

Gender dysphoria is defined as a marked incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed gender and one’s assigned gender that lasts at least 6 months and is indicated by at least two of the following symptoms in adolescents and adults, according to the DSM-5:

A significant misalignment between one’s expressed/experienced gender and primary and/or secondary sex traits.
A strong desire to be free of one’s main and/or secondary sex traits due to a substantial inconsistency between one’s experienced/expressed gender and one’s primary and/or secondary sex characteristics.
A strong desire for the other gender’s primary and/or secondary sex characteristics.
A strong yearning to be of the opposite gender.
A strong desire to be treated as someone of the opposite gender.
A strong belief that one shares the sentiments and reactions of the opposite gender.

The disorder must also be linked with clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other relevant areas of functioning in order to meet diagnosis requirements.

Treatment of Gender Dysphoria

Individual and family counseling are indicated for children, while adults should seek individual and/or couples treatment. Hormone therapy and gender confirmation surgery are alternatives, but they aren’t for everyone, and feelings of sadness may persist after treatment.

While some people are able to overcome distress on their own, psychotherapy is often quite beneficial in facilitating personal discovery and dealing with powerful emotions that may have arisen as a result of peer-related issues or societal stigma. Early diagnosis, a supportive environment, and comprehensive therapy that respects the individual’s needs and goals are connected with the best outcomes for persons who are facing this problem.

December 15 2021

Sexual Trauma and Victimization

admin Sexual Disorders

Sexual Trauma and Victimization: Symptoms & Treatment

Symptoms

Treatment

Sexual abuse is non-consensual sexual contact where offenders use force, threats, or exploit victims unable to consent. It’s a global issue across cultures and communities, affecting both adults and children. Victims and offenders are often known to each other. The majority of perpetrators are male, and females are more likely to be victims. The reasons for sexual offenses vary, often related to the victim’s age and maturity. Shock, anxiety, or denial are common initial reactions to sexual assault.

Overview of STV

At First Light Psychological Services, in Kew Gardens, NY & Farmingdale, NY we are providing treatment and coping strategies to the sexual trauma victims to help them feel like themselves again, to overcome the depression and post-traumatic symptoms caused by the distressing event, by helping them to rest and restore their body’s balance, through cognitive behavioral therapy and by helping them avoid drugs and all the negative coping strategies in a bid to move towards a better and stress-free life.

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Symptoms of Sexual Trauma and Victimization

Shock, anxiety, or denial are common first emotions to sexual assault. Anxiety, fear, and post-traumatic stress disorder are long-term symptoms. While efforts to cure sex offenders have been ineffective, psychological therapies for survivors, particularly group therapy, tend to be successful.

At First Light Psychological Services, in Kew Gardens, NY & Farmingdale, NY our staff of dedicated professionals are providing wide-ranged diagnostic and symptomatic evaluations for the sexual victims, helping them become a part of effective treatment regimens and coping strategies which is the first step towards moving on from the flash backs of the distressing event and moving towards a new life.

Treatment Strategies for VST

Are you feeling physically down? Feeling detached from your body or surroundings?, Having trouble concentrating? Using stimulants, risky activities, or physical pain? Compulsively using drugs or alcohol?, Escaping through fantasies, fantasies, or too much use of TV, video games, etc.?, Feeling detached from the world, the people in your life, and the activities you used to enjoy?

At First Light Psychological Services, in Kew Gardens, NY & Farmingdale, NY we believe that Regardless of age or gender, the impact of sexual violence goes far beyond any physical injuries. The trauma of being raped or sexually attacked can be devastating, leaving you feeling frightened, humiliated, and alone or overwhelmed by hallucinations, flashbacks, and other painful memories. The world doesn’t feel like a protected place anymore, we are treating the victims of sexual abuse through our several helpful treatment strategies have and helped a no. of people to move towards a normal life.

November 27 2021

Non Specified Paraphilic Disorder

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Non Otherwise Specified (NOS) Paraphilic Disorder

Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) Paraphilic Disorder are sexually exciting fantasies, sexual impulses, or actions that include human and nonhuman things on a regular and intense basis. These paraphilias force the sufferer or the sufferer’s partner, children, or other nonconsenting people to suffer or be humiliated. Many symptoms involve more culturally acceptable practices (e.g., recurrent masturbation, Internet pornography); such highly sexual symptoms have been described as obsessive, addictive, or impulsive.

Overview of NOSP

An increasing amount of available data suggests the presence of a distinct condition defined by frequent and strong sexually stimulating thoughts, sexual impulses, or actions involving patterns that do not fit the description of paraphilia. However, there is substantial comorbidity with paraphilia. Although these symptoms have been described as sexual compulsion or addiction, these words are not enough to describe this situation. The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) classifies several sexual disorders as not otherwise specified (NOS) paraphilic disorder.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Types

Effects

Diagnosis

Treatment

Types of NOS Paraphilic Disorder:

Non paraphilic Compulsive Sexual Behaviors (CSB) can be impulsive, obsessive, and compulsive, as well as driven, out of control, and upsetting. There is no specific category in the DSM for this form of CSB, however an example is given under Sexual Disorder (Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) paraphilia). However, there are at least 7 subtypes of Non Paraphilic CSB

Subtypes of Non Paraphilic Compulsive Sexual Behavior

Compulsive sexuality in a relationship
Compulsive fixation on an unattainable partner
Compulsive cruising and multiple partners
Compulsive autoeroticism (masturbation)
Compulsive use of the Internet for sexual purposes
Compulsive use of erotica
Compulsive multiple love relationships

Effects of NOS Paraphilic Disorder

Compulsive sex acts and certain Paraphilic Disorders (NOS) may increase risky sexual behavior, raising the risk of HIV and STIs. Whether paraphilic or Non Paraphilic Compulsive Sexual Behavior, these issues are connected to sexual health concerns, including sexually transmitted illnesses, sexual assault, and abuse. Individual psychological issues, in addition to cultural ones, can be responsible for a wide range of unfavorable sexual health outcomes.

Diagnosis of NOS Paraphilic Disorder

According to the DSM, criteria for the diagnosis of NOS Paraphilic Disorder comprises:

Sexual dysfunctions that do not match the criteria for any particular sexual dysfunction.
Despite apparently normal arousal and climax, there are no (or much reduced) subjective sensual emotions.
Situations in which the doctor has determined that there is a sexual dysfunction but is unable to tell whether it is primary, secondary to a general medical problem, or drug-induced.

Treatment of Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) Paraphilic Disorder

Stress can cause sexual problems or make them worse. Therapies like systematic desensitization, couples therapy, and sensate focus have proven helpful for people facing these challenges. Furthermore, pharmaceutical therapies have been shown to be effective in reducing the symptoms of sexual dysfunction.

Psychological Treatment

In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), a therapist helps the person understand why they act on their sexual desires in harmful ways. Together, they develop healthier strategies to manage those desires.

Aversion treatment uses unpleasant images. The person imagines themselves in a tempting situation and then experiences something negative. This aims to reduce their desire to engage in those sexual behaviors in the future.

Thought-stopping strategies and cognitive restructuring (identifying and modifying the thoughts that drive the behavior) might also be utilized.

Medication for Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) Paraphilic Disorder

Specific types of medications are prescribed according to the type of sexual disorder. Nonetheless, further research is needed to continue to examine the role of stress in sexual dysfunctions and for the development of effective treatments to help prevent them.

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November 27 2021

Fetishistic Disorder:

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Fetishistic Disorder: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

“Fetishism” is derived from the Portuguese word feitico, which means “obsessive attraction.” Fetishistic Disorder is characterized by intense sexual attraction to inanimate objects or body parts that are not traditionally regarded as sexual, as well as clinically significant distress or impairment. Undergarments, boots, gloves, rubber products, and leather clothes are all common fetish objects. Feet, toes, and hair are body components related to Fetishistic Disorder conditions. It is normal for the fetish to involve inanimate items as well as body parts (e.g., socks and feet).

Overview of Fetishistic Disorder

Form fetishes and media fetishes are the two categories of inanimate object obsessions. The shape of the object, such as high-heeled shoes, is crucial in a form fetish. The material of the object, such as silk or leather, is important in a media fetish. Inanimate object fetishists frequently gather their favorite inanimate thing.

It is far more frequent in men than in women; in fact, the DSM-5 suggests that it occurs almost exclusively in men.

Fetishism is a type of paraphilic disorders that refers to excessive sexual attraction to any object or person other than genital stimulation with consenting adult partners. Because fetishes exist in many typically developing individuals, a diagnosis is only provided if there is personal discomfort or impairment in social, occupational, or other significant areas of functioning as a result of the fetish.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Effects

Diagnosis

Treatment

Fetishistic Disorder

Fetishistic Disorder vs Fetishism:

While both entail sexual pleasure from non-living object(s) or non-genital body part(s), Fetishistic Disorder causes severe suffering or impairs daily life functioning. Impairment can appear in a variety of ways. Sexual dysfunction can emerge in love partnerships because some people are not responsive to their partner’s obsession. Individuals with Fetishistic Disorder may also prefer solo sexual activities related to their fetishistic preference(s) even if they are currently in a pleasant and rewarding relationship. As a result, some people may not participate in appropriate sexual relationships with their partners which can lead to relationship problems. Some people go on to commit crimes motivated mainly by their fetish(s), such as theft/burglary or taking inappropriate photographs (e.g., up the skirt photographs in cases where the individual is having an underwear fetish).

Symptoms of Fetishistic disorder:

The primary symptom of Fetishistic Disorder is repeated and strong sexual arousal caused by the use of nonliving items or a highly specialized focus on non-genital bodily part(s), manifested as thoughts, impulses, or acts. A person suffering from it may experience guilt and discomfort as a result of the abnormal focus of their sexual desire.

Other Symptoms of Fetishistic Disorder Tend to Involve:

Repeated and strong sexual arousal from inanimate items or non-genital body parts that lasts at least 6 months
These sensations produce clinically substantial discomfort or impairment in social, occupational, or other critical areas of functioning
Fetish items are not confined to articles of clothing worn by cross-dressers (which would rather be classified as Transvestic Disorder).
Fetish items are not confined to things or equipment created expressly for genital stimulation (e.g. sex toys, such as vibrators or dildos).
Sexually active individuals may occasionally feel attracted by items or traditionally non-sexual bodily parts, but this attraction would not be classed as a mental disease in the absence of fixation and mental discomfort.

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Causes of Fetishistic disorder:

Fetishes usually appear around the start of puberty. Some theories argue that fetishistic desire develops as a result of an object or body part’s relationship with a person’s initial sexual arousal or masturbation experiences. There is no solid proof that Fetishistic Disorder is caused or triggered by anything.

Effects of Fetishistic disorder:

Common impacts of Fetishistic Disorder include the following:

It frequently causes guilt
Emotional conflict and the fear of being judged
Isolation
Talking honestly in your relationship
Your partner can feel inadequate

Diagnosis of Fetishistic disorder:

A diagnosis of Fetishistic Disorder must meet the following criteria:

Recurrent and strong sexual arousal with non-living items or a very particular concentration on non-genital body part(s) that is evidenced through thoughts, desires, or behaviors for at least 6 months.
Fascinations, sexual desires, or behaviors produce clinically substantial suffering or impairment in social, vocational, or other crucial areas of functioning.
Fetish objects include items of clothes used in cross-dressing (as in Transvestic Disorder) and gadgets expressly developed for tactile genital stimulation (e.g. vibrator).
The DSM-5 divides it into subgroups based on the individual’s fetish (body part(s), non-living object(s), or others). It also indicates if a person is presently in a controlled setting or in complete remission.

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Treatment of Fetishistic Disorder:

Psychotherapy:

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and cognitive restructuring techniques are used by therapists to detect and change ideas and behaviors. To lessen interest in fetishistic things, they also use aversion therapy or guided visualization. CBT has been found in studies to be an effective treatment for Fetishistic Disorder when combined with medication therapy.

Medication:

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) like Prozac/fluoxetine can assist with co-occurring mental disorders like anxiety or depression by reducing sex urge. Many persons who use SSRIs will have sexual adverse effects, including a loss of desire in sex. Reduced sex desire can assist with the impulsivity associated with fetishistic behaviors and thoughts.

November 27 2021

Pedophilic Disorder

Husnain Sexual Disorders

Pedophilic Disorder: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Pedophilic Disorder is a type of paraphilic disorder. It is characterized by recurrent intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors. These involve prepubescent or young adolescents, usually under the age of thirteen. It is identified by an individual who is five years older or more than the child who is the victim of the fantasies or behavior patterns.

Overview Pedophilic Disorder

The majority of pedophiles are men. Attraction might be directed toward young males, young girls, or both. However, pedophiles prefer opposite-sex children by a 2 to 1 ratio to the same sex child. The adult is usually someone the child knows, such as a family member, step-parent, neighbor, or someone in a position of authority (e.g., a teacher, a coach). Genital contact appears to be less common than seeing or touching.

Many pedophiles will threaten the child to use force or physically hurt their family or pets if they disclose the abuse.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Risk Factors

Diagnosis

Treatment

Causes of Pedophilic Disorder:

It is unknown what causes pedophilia (and other paraphilias). It is possible that pedophilia runs in families, but it’s unknown if this is due to genetics or taught behavior.

Another possibility with the development of pedophilia is a history of childhood sexual abuse; however this has not been verified. According to behavioral learning theories, a child who witnesses or is the victim of improper sexual activities may be conditioned to replicate such actions.

There are other studies that indicate that a pedophile is more likely to have suffered childhood head trauma when compared to non-pedophiles.

Symptoms of Pedophilic Disorder:

Recurrent strong sexually arousing thoughts, sexual impulses, or actions involving sexual interaction with a prepubescent child for at least 6 months (usually age 13 years or younger).
The individual is at least 16 years old and at least 5 years older than the child.
A late adolescent participating in an ongoing sexual relationship with a 12- or 13-year-old is not included.

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Risk Factors of Pedophilic Disorder:

Some individuals are at a higher risk of developing pedophilia. There is a link between pedophilia and antisocial personality traits. Adult males with pedophilia often report having been sexually assaulted as children. Each factor that increases the likelihood of pedophilia also raises the risk of pedophilic disorder.

Diagnosis of Pedophilic Disorder:

To be diagnosed with pedophilic disorder, the following criteria must be met. This is according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).

For a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child (generally age 13 or younger). These urges have bee acted on or have caused significant distress or impairment in occupational, social, or other important areas of life.
The individual is at least 16 years old and at least 5 years older than the victim child. This does not, however, include a late adolescent who is engaging in a continuing sexual relationship with a 12- or 13-year-old.
A pedophilic disorder diagnosis should also describe whether the person is solely attracted to youngsters or not. It should mention the gender to whom the person is drawn. It should also mention whether the sexual impulses are confined to pedophilia.

Treatment of Pedophilic Disorder:

Psychotherapy:

Individuals with pedophilic disorder have been effectively treated using cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) methods. Therapy is even more effective if the individual is willing to attend individual and group treatment. Responsibility taking, victim empathy, aversive training, learning about healthy versus unhealthy relationships, and developing a sound relapse prevention plan is key to success. Treatment should be conducted by a qualified therapist who is experienced in sex offender treatment.

Medication:

Medication may be used along with psychotherapy if necessary. These include:

Antiandrogens, such as Lupron and Provera are used which can help to lower the hyperactive sex drive.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which treat associated compulsive sexual disorders and reduce the symptoms related to stress and anxiety.

November 27 2021

Sexual Sadism Disorder

admin Sexual Disorders

Sexual Sadism Disorder: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Sexual Sadism Disorder is among the several sexual psychological disorders characterized as a paraphilic disorders. Paraphilias are sexual preferences, choices, imaginations, impulses, and behaviors outside the norm, but they are taken as the symptoms of a psychological disorder only if they are being implicated upon in such ways that have the tendency to cause suffering or harm to oneself or others, particularly others who have not given the consent to do so.

Overview of SSD:

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), sexual sadism disorder represents people who freely confess to having the preferences in the suffering psychologically or physically for another individual. If such people do openly admit and discuss their sexual interest in the psychological or physical suffering of others, they are labeled as “admitting individuals,” and if they also show psychosocial problems due to these sexual preferences for the psychological or physical suffering of others, they might get diagnosed with Sexual Sadism Disorder. On the opposite side, if these admitting individuals refuse to experience any misery (which might be described by guilt as anxiety) due to such paraphilic preferences and their histories do not show that they act on the impulses, they may seem to have sadistic sexual interests but do not meet the standards for sexual sadism disorder.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Diagnosis

Treatment

Symptoms of Sexual Sadism Disorder

Over the period of a minimum of 6 months, repeated, extreme sexual fantasies, sexual impulses, or behaviors including acts (real, not fantasized) in which the physical or psychological suffering (including disgrace) of the victim is sexually thrilling to the person. The imaginations, sexual impulses, or behaviors cause clinically noteworthy distress or damage in social, work-related, or other important areas of life.

Causes of SSD:

Even though no specific causes have been observed to be responsible for sexual sadism disorder, there are a number of theories. These include escapism, or emotion of strength for someone who normally feels weak in everyday life, the occurrence of repressed sexual fantasies; or continuous acting out of sadistic sexual fantasies over time. Other social or psychological disorders might be diagnosed besides the sexual sadism disorder, although they are not certainly the cause.

Diagnosis of (SSD)

The DSM-5 has set a standard of diagnostic criteria, which must be there in order to meet the diagnosis of sexual sadism disorder. These include:

For the time of 6 months or more, the suspected person should be experiencing strong sexual excitement from the psychological or physical suffering of another person, as shown by fantasies in addition to the behaviors.
The suspected person has acted on these sexual fantasies with a non-consenting individual or the fantasies have caused clinically noteworthy distress in important areas of one’s life (at a job or in the personal relationships).

It is also very essential to identify if sexual sadism disorder is:

In a controlled environment, while the suspected person is living in an official setting or any other setting which prohibits to involved in sadistic sexual behaviors.
In full remission, where the suspected person has not acted on his paraphilic impulses and desires with a nonconsenting person, and he has not felt disturbance or damage in the important areas of his life, within the last 5 years (or longer) while being in a free environment.

Treatment of (SSD)

It is rare for people with sexual sadism disorder to try to find the treatment on their own. In its place, those being caught committing a related crime are required by law to get professional help from a psychiatrist or psychologist who can perform an assessment and provide a recommendation to another professional, if required. The treatment of sexual sadism disorder characteristically includes both psychotherapy and medication.

Psychotherapy: Specifically, cognitive-behavioral therapy (type of psychotherapy) can help these individuals to identify the patterns of sexual urging and learn better, good ways to deal with them. Cognitive restructuring might also help the individual to recognize and overcome such harmful thought patterns.
Medication: Sometimes, anti-depressant medications are recommended to balance the brain chemicals as well as minimize impulsive sexual behaviors. In the same way, anti-androgenic drugs are from time to time prescribed to overpower the sex drive of the affected individual. Anti-androgens Medroxyprogesterone acetate and cyproterone acetate are the members of the class of drugs which can be used to lower the testosterone levels for the time being in order to lessen the hyperactive sex drive and allow for more effective therapy. These drugs help to reduce the levels of circulating testosterone and prime the individual for cognitive restructuring therapy methods.

November 27 2021

Female Sexual Interest / Arousal Disorder

admin Sexual Disorders

Female Arousal Issues? Understand FSIAD

Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder (FSIAD) is referred to as lack or absence of sexual interest, while the beginning of sexual intercourse, there is a noticeable lack of thoughts, fantasies, pleasure, and absence of responsive desire and deprivation of subjective excitement and genital response to a genital or non-genital sexual stimulus or both.

Overview OF FSIAD:

FSIAD is one of the numerous conditions that fall under the category of sexual dysfunction. This disorder can lead to feeling isolated. About 40 percent of women experience FSIAD in their life at some point. Although FSIAD can be frustrating, it is treatable.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Risk Factors

Diagnosis

Treatment

Female Sexual Interest / Arousal Disorder

Symptoms of FSIAD

For many women, the symptoms of FSIAD come and go over time. Some have symptoms every time they try to have intercourse while others occasionally experience them. Symptoms of FSIAD include:

Decreased sexual desire i.e. loss of interest in sex.
Decreased thoughts about sex i.e. one may rarely think about sex.
Lesser initiation of sexual activity one might not initiate sex and may also be non-willing to the partner’s efforts to initiate sex.
Decreased pleasure during sex sexual stimulation that used to turn one (female) on no longer works.
Reduced arousal from internal or external sexual signals one may no longer be aroused by stimulations like psychological intimacy and erotic fantasy.
Absence of genital or non-genital senses during sex. When having sex, one might not feel much in genitalia.

Causes of FSIAD:

In a female body, sexual arousal increases blood flow to the tissues around the vaginal lining and clitoris, leading to swelling of tissues. In turn, the vagina produces natural lubricants. Any disruption in this process can lead to FSIAD. Psychological and physical factors both can disturb the arousal process.

Psychological factors

Low self-confidence, poor body image, anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, guilt, negative thoughts, and relationship problems.
Hormonal factors. Fluctuations in hormone levels can affect the ability to be aroused, the factors that can cause hormonal changes and possibly FSIAD include birth control pills, menopause, and pregnancy, etc.

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Anatomical factors:

Problems with the circulatory or neurological system of the body may cause FSIAD as arousal depends greatly on these systems. Some of the causative anatomical factors include reduced blood flow to the vagina, damage in the pelvic nerves, vaginal or bladder infection, abnormal drying or thinning of vaginal tissues.

Other causes of female sexual interest/arousal disorder are:

Medications: (SSRI) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors i.e. antidepressants, may lead to FSIAD.
Medical treatments: Chemotherapy, radiation, a recent surgery may affect arousal and normal sexual stimulation.
Inadequate sexual simulation: The sexual stimulation received from oneself or the partner is not enough.
Diabetes: As it affects the nervous and vascular system it may make arousal more difficult and the body is not capable of sending the essential signals and hormones for arousal.

Who gets Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder?

Individuals with heart and blood vessel disease, depression or anxiety, gynecological issues, like vulvovaginal atrophy, infections, or lichen sclerosis may lead to FSIAD. Other potential factors are neurological issues such as a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, medications like antidepressants or hypertensive medications, emotional stress, relationship stress, and history of sexual abuse.

Diagnosis of Female Sexual Interest / Arousal Disorder

Diagnosis of sexual interest/arousal disorder based on DSM-5 criteria requires an absence of or a significant decrease in at least 3 of the following:

Interest in sexual activity
Sexual or sensual imaginations or fantasies
Beginning of sexual activity and response to the partner’s initiation
Excitement or pleasure is achieved during less than 75% of sexual activity
Interest or sexual stimulation as a response to sexual (internal or external) erotic stimuli (e.g., written, verbal, visual)
Genital or non-genital sensations during 75% of sexual activity

These symptoms must have been present for ≥ 6 months and should be causing noteworthy distress for the female. The diagnosis is not made if a physical or another psychological cause (including relationship distress) is accountable for the symptoms. A pelvic examination is also required to be done if the penetration during sexual activity causes pain.

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Treatment of Female Sexual Interest Arousal Disorder?

Treatment for FSIAD mainly emphases recognizing any underlying causative factors and treating them. Many females find that a combination of treatments (i.e. medical and psychological) seems to work best for them.

In accordance with the underlying cause, the treatment strategy often includes psychological therapy, medicines, or a combination of both. Some medications for the treatment of FSIAD (female sexual arousal/interest disorder) include:

Hormone therapy: If the underlying cause of FSIAD is hormonal, hormone therapy might help to regulate the level of hormones by treating low estrogen or testosterone level, vaginal dryness, or pain during sexual intercourse.
Changing the dosage of prescribed medicine: If a prescribed medication such as an anti-anxiety medicine, is causing the symptoms of FSIAD, adjusting your dosage or switching to another type of medicine may help.
Consulting with a psychotherapist who specializes in sexual health, either on your own or with your partner, can also help with many of the psychological elements of FSIAD. Even if you do not seem to have any underlying related mental health issues, a psychotherapist can help you in identifying that what stimulates you and can help fight the barriers that are getting in the way. A psychotherapist can also provide directions on how to develop trust and intimacy with your partner, which can play a major role in sexual arousal.

November 9 2021

Transvestic disorder

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Understand The Transvestic Disorder

Transvestic Disorder is a paraphilia described as chronic (at least 6 months), recurring, and severe sexual arousal from wearing garments associated with the opposite gender, as demonstrated by thoughts, impulses, or actions. The disorder produces clinically substantial distress or impairment in social, educational, work-related, and other crucial areas of functioning.

Overview Transvestic Disorder

The overall population’s prevalence of Transvestic Disorder is yet unclear. It is pretty unusual in males and extremely uncommon in females. According to research, less than 3% of men have been sexually aroused by being dressed in women’s attire.

The first signs of this disorder may appear in childhood and involve general pleasure in dressing in girl’s clothing. When puberty arrives, dressing up in women’s attire triggers sexual desire and penile erection. As the child matures, he may report less sexual arousal from cross-dressing, but rather a sense of comfort or well-being from continuing to cross-dress.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Risk Factors

Diagnosis

Treatment

Symptoms of Transvestic Disorder

Transvestic Disorder is characterized by the following signs and symptoms:

Having the desire to cross-dress in order to be sexually aroused.
Using cross-dressing to relieve tension.
Inability to elicit sexual excitement unless wearing attire, accessories, or other objects of the other sex.
Playing the other sex when cross-dressing.
Constant and intense sexual urges result from envisioning or dressing in a single or more piece of clothes generally intended for the opposite sex. These can be a single item, such as a bra, or a set of items, such as a dress, stockings, and heels.

Buying clothing and other objects of the opposing sex, wearing them, and discarding them in an attempt to stop the tendency.
The urges are visible for at least a half year and cause severe unhappiness in relationships, careers, and on a daily basis.
Many persons with the illness are unable to function at work due to their distress.
If the individual is younger, he may progress to sexually enjoying himself by wearing garments. Masturbation is frequently avoided by older people to prolong the process of dressing up.

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Causes of T. Disorder

The cause of the Transvestic Disorder is unknown. Cross-dressing has been reported to produce excitement in childhood, which can progress to sexual arousal during puberty. If a person ages and the practice is repeated and encouraged, the urge to cross-dress may get greater, even as sexual pleasure decreases.

Risk factors of T. Disorder

Nobody is predisposed to developing Transvestic Disorder. While the actual frequency of the disorder is unclear, it is not that common. Males may exhibit the disorder’s earliest symptoms as an excessive infatuation with a certain item that is traditionally worn solely by women, such as lipstick or a dress. As time goes on, the youngster becomes more interested in the notion of cross-dressing. When a child reaches puberty, cross-dressing begins to trigger penile erections. This sexual arousal usually fades with time, but the urge to dress in women’s attire may persist or even intensify. In some cases, the phase of the Transvestic Disorder is continuous, while in other cases it occurs in episodes.

Diagnosis of Transvestic Disorder

According to the DSM-5, to be diagnosed with this condition, a person must have persistent and strong sexual arousal from thinking about or acting on impulses to wear one or more articles of clothing traditionally worn by the opposite gender. These fantasies or actions must have existed for at least six months and produce substantial discomfort or disruption in social, professional, or other important aspects of daily life. The discomfort over cross-dressing that characterizes Transvestic Disorder is different from gender dysphoria.

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Treatment of Transvestic Disorder

Since people suffering from this disorder might feel exceedingly humiliated or ashamed, they seldom seek professional help on their own but may do so at the urging of a partner. When this occurs, psychotherapy is the most commonly used treatment.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy can be used where the therapist assists the client in determining the underlying reason for the behavior and then works with the person to develop strategies for managing sexual desires in a healthier manner. Aversion treatment and other sorts of imagery/desensitization, in which the person imagines himself in the setting and then experiences an unpleasant occurrence, may be used to lessen future desire in participating in fetishistic behaviors.

Thought-stopping strategies and cognitive restructuring (identifying and modifying the thoughts that drive the behavior) may also be utilized.

Medications

Compulsive urge medicines, antidepressants, and anti-anxiety meds can all be used in combination with treatment.

September 30 2021

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

admin Sexual Disorders

Know About Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome. Although it is similar to premenstrual syndrome (PMS), it comparatively leads to more serious symptoms. PMDD causes severe anxiety, depression and irritability, followed by sudden mood swings almost a week prior to the start of the menstrual period. Symptoms usually disappear within two to three days after menstruation starts.

Overview

Mild PMS is common. It affects nearly 75 percent of women having regular menstrual cycles; however, PMDD affects only 3 to 8 percent of women. This condition can occur in women of any cultural, socioeconomic, or ethnic background. PMDD is usually seen as a chronic condition and can have a disturbing and severe impact on the quality of a woman’s life.

Luckily with the help of treatment, most women having PMDD get relief from the symptoms and are able to enjoy life more fully. Talking to a mental health professional or joining a support group might also help in relieving the psychological symptoms of PMDD.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

symptoms

causes

diagnosis

treatment

Who Gets Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ?

PMDD occurs in around 5 percent of women of childbearing age. Many women with PMDD may suffer from depression or anxiety.

Studies have shown an association between PMDD and low levels of serotonin which is a chemical in the brain that helps in the transmission of nerve signals. Many brain cells that use serotonin also control attention, mood, pain, and sleep. Hormonal changes may become a cause of decline in the level of serotonin, leading to PMDD symptoms.

Signs and Symptoms of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD?)

The symptoms of PMDD usually appear a week before you start your period and last for a few days following the beginning of it. Most of the time they are severe and distressing, and they can keep you from regular activities. Symptoms of PMDD include:

Anxiety, depression or feelings of hopelessness
Mood swings
Intense aggression and conflicts with others
Tension and irritability
Loss of interest in your usual activities
Concentration issues
Fatigue

Sudden changes in appetite
Feeling overwhelmed or out of control
Sleeping problems
Cramps and abdominal bloating
Breast soreness
Migraines and headaches
Hot flashes
Joint or muscle pain

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What causes Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)?

The exact cause of PMDD and PMS is still unknown.

It is believed that PMDD occurs due to the abnormal response of brain to a woman’s fluctuation of hormones during the menstrual cycle. Consequently this could lead to an insufficiency in the neurotransmitter serotonin.

However some women are more likely than others to experience PMDD, involving those who have had a personal or family history of depression, postpartum depression or mood disorders.

How is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) Diagnosed?

The symptoms of PMDD can be similar to those of the other psychological conditions, so health care providers will possibly perform a physical exam, ask for a complete medical history, and ask for specific tests to find out other conditions while making a diagnosis.

A symptom chart is also used in the process of diagnosis to determine any association between the symptoms and the menstrual cycle.

Guidelines from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5th Edition (DSM-V) and American Psychiatric Association (APA) require that the symptoms of PMDD should be there for a minimum of two consecutive menstrual cycles before making a diagnosis of PMDD.

According to the given guidelines, symptoms must:

be there for a week before the onset of periods
resolve after the start and within the first few days of periods
disturb normal daily living

For a PMDD diagnosis, a patient must experience at least five symptoms, including at least one of the following:

feelings of hopelessness or sadness
feelings of tension or anxiety
increased sensitivity or mood swings
feelings of irritability or aggression

Other symptoms of PMDD can involve:

lethargy to routine activities, which may be linked with social withdrawal
concentration issues
exhaustion
changes in appetite
sleep problems, (insomnia or hypersomnia)
feeling as being overwhelmed or having a sense of a lack of control

Other physical symptoms of PMDD involve:

Breast tenderness or swelling.
Headaches or muscular pain,
Bloating, and weight gain.

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How Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is Treated?

Two types of medications to deal with PMDD impact the central nervous system (CNS) and those that affect ovulation, for example:

SSRI(s) / anti-depressants such as fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), sertraline (Zoloft), paroxetine (Paxil), and citalopram (Celexa)
Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone and Ethinyl estradiol
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs such as leuprolide (Lupron), nafarelin (Synarel), and goserelin (Zoladex)

Psychological treatment for PMDD that may be helpful is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

Dietary changes include:

limiting your alcohol, salt, caffeine, and sugar intake
Increasing protein and the intake of complex carbs

Exercising and stress management techniques might help in viewing the menstrual cycle in a positive way.

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September 1 2021

Delayed Ejaculation Disorder

admin Sexual Disorders

Delayed Ejaculation Disorder

Delayed ejaculation is also known as impaired ejaculation. It is a disorder where it takes a prolonged period of sexual stimulation for a man to reach orgasm and to ejaculate (the expulsion of semen from the body). Some men suffering from this disorder are not able to achieve ejaculation at all.

Overview

If it takes a man longer than 30 minutes of constant sexual activity to ejaculate, even with a normal erection, he falls under the category of having delayed ejaculation. Delayed ejaculation affects approximately 1 to 4 percent of men. The problem can result in stress for both the man and his sexual partner. It also produces anxiety about overall health, lower levels of libido, sexual displeasure, relationship problems including a fear of rejection for both partners, and concern for couples who are wishing to have a baby. Most men will have delayed ejaculation at some point in their lives, but for some men, it is a lifelong disorder.

Successful treatment is dependent upon the cause of delayed ejaculation and the type of ongoing treatment. However, overall there is a good prognosis for delayed ejaculation.

A man is caught in Exhibitionistic Disorder

Causes of Delayed Ejaculation Disorder:

Psychological causes include:

Anxiety, Depression, or other mental health conditions
Relationship issues related to stress or related concerns
Performance anxiety
Poor body image
Cultural, or religious restrictions
Differences between sexual fantasies and reality

Medications and substances include:

Certain anti-depressants
Some medications of high blood pressure
Diuretics
Antipsychotic medications
Anti-seizure medications
Excessive use of alcohol

Physical causes include:

Certain birth defects disturb the male reproductive system
Injury to the nerves of the pelvic floor that regulate orgasm
Urinary tract infections
Prostate surgery
Diabetic neuropathy, nerve damage to the spinal cord, or stroke
The lower level of thyroid hormone or lower level of testosterone
Retrograde ejaculation, i.e. passing of semen backward into the bladder rather than coming out of the penis
In some men, a physical issue that may delay ejaculation can lead to anxiety about ejaculation during sexual activity. This anxiety in turn may further worsen the ejaculation problem.

Complications of Delayed Ejaculation Disorder:

Delayed ejaculation negatively impacts self-esteem and creates feelings of inadequacy, insufficiency, disappointment, and negativity. Men who suffer from the disorder might avoid intimacy with others due to the fear of failure.

Other complications may include:

Absent or minimal sexual pleasure
Anxiety about sex
Male infertility
Lower libido
Stress and Depression

Delayed ejaculation can also give rise to conflicts in relationships, often stemming from misinterpretations on the part of both partners.

Treatment or psychotherapy can however help to resolve these issues. By enabling honest and open communication, understanding can often be reached.

Symptoms of Delayed Ejaculation Disorder:

Delayed ejaculation occurs when a man needs more than 30 minutes of sexual stimulation to reach orgasm and to ejaculate. Some men can only ejaculate with the help of manual or oral stimulation. Some cannot ejaculate at all.

Every so often, men might face difficulty in reaching orgasm during sexual intercourse or while engaged in other sexual activity with a partner. Some men can ejaculate only when masturbating. Delayed ejaculation is divided into 2 types based on symptoms:

Lifelong vs. acquired: With lifelong delayed ejaculation, the issue is present from the time of puberty. Acquired delayed ejaculation occurs after a period of normal sexual functioning.
Generalized vs. situational. Generalized delayed ejaculation isn’t limited to certain sex partners or certain kinds of stimulation. Situational delayed ejaculation occurs only under certain circumstances.

Diagnosis of Delayed Ejaculation Disorder:

A physical exam and medical history might be enough to diagnose and recommend treatment for delayed ejaculation. Diagnostic tests for underlying problems can include:

Physical exam: This might involve careful physical assessment of your penis and testicles. The doctor will use a light touch to make sure you have a normal sensation in your genitals.
Blood tests. Your health care provider may ask for a blood sample to send to the lab to look for the signs of cardiovascular disease, a low testosterone level, diabetes, and other health issues.
Urine tests (urinalysis). Urine tests are performed to look for the signs of diabetes, urinary tract infections, other infections, and other underlying health conditions.

Treatment of Delayed Ejaculation disorder:

The treatment of delayed ejaculation is dependent upon the underlying cause, but it might include taking medication, making changes to currently prescribed medications, and psychological counseling.

Medications:

If you are currently taking any medication that might be causing delayed ejaculation, switching the medications may fix the problem. At times, adding a medication might help.

There are not any specific drugs that have been specifically approved for the treatment of delayed ejaculation. Medications, however, are used to treat and help with distressing symptoms.

Medications that are used to treat delayed ejaculation include the following:

Amantadine, which is a Parkinson’s medication
Buspirone, an anti-anxiety medication
Cyproheptadine, a medication for allergy

Psychological counseling (psychotherapy):

Psychotherapy can help by discussing the thoughts, emotions, and stress that can be contributing to, or the result of, delayed ejaculation. Seeking a therapist that specializes in sexual disorders will help promote a therapeutic relationship that is more comfortable for you. The therapist will also address any potential underlying mental health issues such as depression or anxiety. Your partner may be integrated into sessions to address any concerns about ejaculation issues that may be negatively impacting your relationship and how to work through them together.