Personality Disorders

January 11 2022

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Antisocial Personality Disorder: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is a type of personality disorder or way of thinking where a person continuously defies what is right and wrong while also disregarding the rights and feelings of others. People with Antisocial Personality Disorder often break the law, lie, and manipulate others for their own benefit. They may also be aggressive, mean, and have no remorse for their actions.

Overview of ASPD:

People suffering from Antisocial Personality Disorder are more likely to be antagonistic, manipulative, or cruel in their treatment of others. They typically do not possess the ability to empathize with anyone; and therefore, they do not express guilt, shame, or remorse for their actions. There is no cure for this personality disorder. Individuals with these personality characteristics often tend to have poor relationships and many become involved in legal matters due to their behaviors. Seeking therapy can help an individual to manage their personality traits to improve their overall lifestyle, decrease harm toward others, and improve relationships. Long-term management of ASPD requires maintaining good relationships and a support system.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Complications

Diagnosis

Treatment

Symptoms of ASPD

People with ASPD are likely to engage in the following behaviors:

Deceiving and exploiting others
Make impulsive decisions
Be impatient and combative
Assault or fight with others
Disobey the law
Don’t care about other people’s or their own safety
Show no regret for their actions
Fail to satisfy financial, employment, or social obligations
Indulge in drug or alcohol abuse

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Causes:

Although there is not a single cause of ASPD, the following variables may enhance a person’s chances of having these personality characteristics:

Biology

People with ASPD may have abnormally high serotonin levels. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that affects our mood and emotions of well-being.

Environment

Early childhood trauma or abuse raises the likelihood of having ASPD later in life.

Genetics

There may be some hereditary variables that predispose some people to develop ASPD. However, the personality disorder is likely to be caused by a combination of hereditary factors rather than a single element.

Lifestyle

Approximately half of those diagnosed with ASPD also struggle with drug or alcohol misuse.

Gender

Men are more prone to acquire ASPD than women.

There are certain risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing (ASPD):

Identification of a childhood conduct problem
A history of (ASPD), other personality disorders, or mental health issues in the family
Having been abused or neglected as a child
Unstable, aggressive, or a chaotic family life as a child
Men are more likely than women to suffer from (ASPD).

Complications:

Antisocial Personality Disorder’s complications, effects, and issues may include:

Abuse or neglect of a spouse or child
Alcohol or substance abuse issues
Being arrested and/or incarcerated
Homicidal or suicidal tendencies
Suffering from other mental health issues such as sadness or anxiety
Low social and economic standing, as well as homelessness
Premature death, generally caused by violence

Preventions:

Antisocial Personality Disorder is believed to develop during childhood. Parents, teachers, and physicians may be able to detect early warning signs. It may be beneficial to try to identify people who are most vulnerable, such as youngsters who exhibit conduct disorder and provide early intervention.

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Diagnosis:

Antisocial Personality Disorder is often diagnosed based on:

A psychological assessment that investigates ideas, feelings, relationships, behavior patterns, and family history.
Personal and medical background
Using criteria for the disorder listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
Antisocial Personality Disorder is not diagnosed until the age of 18, but some indications and symptoms may appear in childhood or early adolescence. Before the age of 15, there is usually evidence of conduct disorder symptoms.
Early detection of (ASPD) and intervention may assist in positive long-term results

Treatment:

Treatment is determined by each individual’s unique condition, willingness to participate in treatment, and intensity of symptoms.
Medications:
The Food and Drug Administration has not authorized any drugs to treat (ASPD). Doctors may prescribe drugs to treat diseases related to (ASPD), such as anxiety or sadness, or to treat aggressive characteristics. Certain medicines are typically administered with caution due to the possibility of abuse.

Psychotherapy

Someone with ASPD can be treated with psychotherapy but the results weigh heavily on the person’s desire and motivation to improve their life. Anger and aggression management, treatment for alcohol or substance abuse, and treatment for various mental health disorders are all examples of what can be accomplished therapy. However, psychotherapy is not always helpful, particularly when symptoms are severe and the client refuses to acknowledge that he or she is contributing to major difficulties.

December 15 2021

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

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All You Need to know about Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Schizotypal (say: ski-zo-TYP-al) personality disorder (STPD) is a way of thinking and acting that makes it hard to connect with others. People with Schizotypal personality disorder often feel uncomfortable in social situations and have trouble forming close relationships. They might also be suspicious of others and have unusual thoughts or beliefs.

Overview of STPD

While STPD is on the schizophrenia spectrum, still individuals with STPD do not tend to experience psychosis. However, because people with schizotypal personality disorder have unusual beliefs and may have difficulty responding appropriately to social cues, these issues can lead to severe anxiety and a desire to avoid social situations.
A schizotypal personality disorder is most commonly diagnosed in early adulthood and is expected to last a lifetime, however, medication and counseling can help to alleviate the symptoms.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Complications

Diagnosis

Treatment

Symptoms of Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Five or more of the following indications and symptoms are common in schizotypal personality disorder:

Being a loner with few close relationships outside of the immediate family
Having flat feelings or emotional reactions that are restricted or inappropriate
Excessive and persistent social anxiety
Misinterpretation of events, such as the belief that something that is truly innocuous or inoffensive has a direct personal meaning.
Weird, quirky, or odd ways of thinking, beliefs, or behavior
Suspicious or paranoid thoughts, as well as continual worries about others’ loyalty
Belief in supernatural abilities or superstitions, such as mental telepathy.
Perceptions that are out of the ordinary, such as sense the presence of someone who isn’t there or having delusions
Dressing strangely, such as looking weird or wearing mismatched attire
Distinctive speech patterns, such as ambiguous or strange patterns of speech or rambling during discussions

Signs and symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder, such as increased interest in solitary activities or a high level of social anxiety, might appear in the teenage years. The child may be an underperformer in school or appear socially out of step with peers, which may result in teasing or bullying.

Causes of (STPD)

A schizotypal personality disorder is caused by a variety of factors. However, it appears that there is a major hereditary component. What precisely goes wrong in the brain of a person with a (STPD) is unknown, although alterations in the way the brain operates, genetics, environmental influences, and acquired behaviors are likely to have a part.

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Risk Factors of (STPD)

Individuals with first-degree biological relatives with schizophrenia are more likely to have a (STPD).

Complications of Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Depression is more common in those with schizotypal personality disorder, however;

Anxiety,
Personality problems in general,
Schizophrenia,
Psychotic episodes that last only a few days or weeks, frequently as a result of stress,
Alcohol or drug abuse issues,
Attempts on suicide,
Issues with work, school, relationships, and social situations are also observed commonly.

Diagnosis of (STPD)

Symptoms must appear by early adulthood, according to the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. Individuals must exhibit at least five of the following symptoms to fulfill the criteria for a diagnosis:

Sources of inspiration (incorrect interpretations of causal incidents or events as having an unusual meaning specifically for the person)
Inconsistent with subcultural norms, strange ideas, or magical thinking that impacts the conduct
Extraordinary perceptual experiences, such as bodily illusions
Weird speech and thoughts
Suspicion and paranoid thoughts
Reaction that is inappropriate and constrained
Odd, eccentric, or strange behavior or appearance
Excessive social anxiety that does not reduce with familiarity and is related to paranoid concerns rather than negative evaluations about oneself
Lack of close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives

Treatment of Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Psychotherapy is frequently used to treat Schizotypal Personality Disorder.
Psychotherapy may encompass the following:

Cognitive-behavioral therapy – identifying and confronting negative thinking patterns, developing specialized social skills, and altering troublesome behaviors are all examples of cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Supportive therapy – This type of treatment encourages people to try new things and helps them develop adaptive abilities.
Family therapy – Involving family members in order to increase communication, trust, and the capacity to work together at home.
Medications:

The Food and Drug Administration has not authorized any drugs for the treatment of (STPD). Antidepressants, on the other hand, may be prescribed by doctors to assist relieve or minimizing specific symptoms such as sadness or anxiety. Some drugs may aid in the improvement of mental flexibility.

December 15 2021

Schizoid Personality Disorder

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Schizoid Personality Disorder

Schizoid personality disorder (SPD) is a chronic and widespread illness marked by social isolation and sentiments of apathy toward others. Those suffering from this illness are frequently regarded as distant or withdrawn, and they avoid social settings that require social contact.

Overview OF SPD:

This sort of personality disorder is thought to be rather uncommon, affecting more males than women. People with schizoid personality disorder are also predisposed to depression.
You may be perceived as a loner or dismissive of others if you have a (SPD), and you may lack the desire or ability to build intimate personal relationships. Because you don’t display emotion, you may appear to be unconcerned about others or what’s going on around you.
Schizoid personality disorder has no recognized etiology. Talk therapy and, in certain situations, medicines can be beneficial

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Complications

Diagnosis

Treatment

Symptoms of SPD:

This condition usually appears in early adulthood. Symptoms mostly involve:

Being disconnected
Choosing to be alone
Attempting to avoid social circumstances
Lacking connections
Lacking motivation
Appearing bored or disinterested
Inability to enjoy activities
Difficulty relating to people

Causes of Schizoid Personality Disorder

Personality is the unique blend of ideas, feelings, and behaviors that define you. It is how you see, comprehend, and relate to the outside world, as well as how you perceive yourself. Personality develops during childhood as a result of a combination of genetic inclinations and environmental influences. Children learn to understand social cues correctly and behave appropriately throughout time as part of normal development. It is uncertain what causes to develop (SPD). While a mix of genetic and environmental variables, particularly in early life, may play a role.

Risk factors of SPD

The following factors enhance your chances of having schizoid personality disorder:

Having a parent or other relative suffering from a (SPD), schizotypal personality disorder, or schizophrenia.
Having a cold, inattentive, or insensitive parent towards the emotional needs of the child

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Complications of Schizoid personality disorder

The fundamental issue of schizoid personality disorder is a lack of social connection. Because they prefer not to contact others, individuals with this personality disorder are rarely aggressive. Co-occurring problems such as mood disorders, depression, anxiety disorders, and other personality disorders may be more frequent in this population than in the overall population.

Diagnosis of SPD:

According to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, individuals suffering from schizoid personality disorder must exhibit at least four of the following symptoms in order to be diagnosed with Schizoid Personality disorder:

Prefers lonely hobbies.
Emotional distance and inability to communicate emotions
Gets little enjoyment from activities
Ignorance of criticism or praise
A lack of desire for or appreciation of intimate personal relationships.
Lack of desire in having sex with other individuals
No close connections except immediate relatives

Treatment of Schizoid personality disorder

Many people opt not to seek professional help because it requires them to engage with others. Treatment, on the other hand, can be effective if you want to change.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy aims to alter behavior. It has the potential to be an effective treatment for this problem since it teaches you how to adjust your thoughts and behavior in social circumstances. This may alter a person’s reluctance to develop social connections.
Another alternative that might help you improve your social skills is Group therapy. This will assist you in becoming more at ease in social situations.
Medication is normally not utilized unless all other treatment options have failed. There are no drugs authorized by the FDA to treat personality problems. Medication, on the other hand, may be used to treat other problems that occur alongside personality disorders, such as sadness or anxiety. Bupropion can be used to boost pleasure emotions. The feelings of indifference can be treated with antipsychotic drugs.

November 29 2021

Dependent Personality Disorder

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Dependent Personality Disorder: A Complete Guide

One of the most common personality disorders is Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD). It leads to the emotions of powerlessness, submissiveness, a desire to be cared for, and for frequent consolation as well as an inability to make everyday decisions without the comfort and support of others.

Overview of DPD:

This personality disorder affects both men and women equally and generally manifests itself in early adulthood or later as key adult connections arise.

The cause of DPD is unclear which makes it impossible to prevent the disorder from developing. However, detecting and treating symptoms as soon as they appear can help to keep the illness from progressing.

Treatment often improves the condition of people with DPD. Many of the symptoms of the illness will fade as therapy progresses. Many people with DPD can learn to make more independent decisions in their life through psychotherapy (counseling).

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Complications

Prevention

Treatment

Symptoms of DPD:

People with DPD are dependent, passive, clingy, and they are afraid of separation. Inability to make decisions, even simple ones like what to dress, without the guidance and reassurance of others is another prevalent feature of this personality disorder. Other related symptoms involve the following:

Avoidance of adult responsibilities by passive and helpless behavior; reliance on a partner or relative to make decisions.
An intense fear of abandonment, as well as a sensation of sorrow or powerlessness when relationships fail; a person having DPD frequently jumps into another relationship when one ends.
Extreme sensitivity to criticism
Pessimism and a lack of self-confidence, such as the feeling that they are incapable of caring for themselves
Avoiding disagreeing with people for fear of losing support or acceptance;
Inability to begin initiatives or chores due to a lack of self-confidence;
Difficulty being alone
Willingness to suffer maltreatment and abuse at the hands of others
Prioritizing the needs of their careers over their own
Tendency to be immature and naïve

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Causes of Dependent Personality Disorder

Although the specific causes of DPD are unknown, it is most likely the result of a mix of biological, physiological, behavioral, and psychological factors. Some studies suggest that among those who are susceptible to the disease, an authoritarian or domineering parenting style might contribute to the development of dependent personality characteristics.

Risk factors of DPD:

The following are some risk factors that may contribute to the development of this disorder:

A history of abandonment
Having had a harsh upbringing
Being in an abusive long-term relationship
Being raised by overprotective or dictatorial parents
Having an anxiety condition in one’s family

Complications of DPD:

DPD patients are predisposed to depression, anxiety disorders, and phobias, along with substance dependence. They are also vulnerable to abuse since they may be prepared to go to any length to maintain a connection with a controlling spouse or person of power.

Prevention of DPD:

Although the prevention of the disorder is unlikely, therapy of DPD can occasionally help a person develop more constructive methods of coping with the disorder who is predisposed to it.

Personality structure formation is a complicated process that begins at a young age. Psychotherapy aiming at altering personality may be more successful when started early, when the patient is extremely motivated for change, and when the therapist and patient have a solid working connection.

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Diagnosis of DPD:

A provider will look for at least five of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria to make a DPD diagnosis. These elements are as follows:

An all-consuming, irrational fear of being abandoned.
Feelings of anxiety or helplessness while alone.
Difficulty in managing the responsibilities of life without seeking help from others.
Difficulties expressing a viewpoint due to fear of losing support or acceptance.
A strong desire to get the support of people, even if it means doing unpleasant things.
Difficulty making day-to-day decisions without feedback or comfort from others.
Difficulties starting or finishing initiatives due to a lack of self-confidence or decision-making abilities.
Strong desire to find a new connection to give support and acceptance after a close relationship ends.

Treatment of Dependent Personality Disorder

The treatment focuses on symptom relief. Psychotherapy is frequently the first line of defense. Therapy might help you understand your issue better. It can also teach you new techniques for forming good connections with others and boosting your self-esteem.

Medicinal Treatment:

Medications can assist with depression and anxiety but they should only be taken as a last option. Your therapist or doctor may recommend medication to manage panic attacks caused by excessive anxiety. Some anxiety and depression drugs are habit-forming, so you may need to see your doctor on a frequent basis while taking them to avoid prescription dependence.

November 18 2021

Paranoid Personality Disorder

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Know About Paranoid Personality Disorder

Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD) is a eccentric personality disorder characterized by unusual or unconventional ways of thinking. People suffering from PPD also experience paranoia, which is an unyielding mistrust and suspicion of others, even when there is no cause to be doubtful.

Overview OF PPD:

This condition appears to be more frequent in males than in women and generally manifests itself by early adulthood. It is a chronic condition, which means it lasts for the rest of a person’s life. Although some persons with PPD can function very well and even marry and work, others are utterly crippled by the condition. Because persons with PPD generally reject therapy, the prognosis is usually poor. Individuals who seek therapy, on the other hand, may have less difficulty holding a job and sustaining good relationships. However, because there is no cure for PPD, you must continue medication for the rest of your life. PPD symptoms will persist, but they might be treated with care and support.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Risk Factors

Diagnosis

Treatment

Bubbles in image showing the signs of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Symptoms of Paranoid Personality Disorder:

People suffering from PPD are continuously on guard, feeling that people are continually attempting to denigrate, injure, or threaten them. Their capacity to build deep connections may be hampered by these largely baseless views, as well as their tendencies of blaming and distrusting. Individuals suffering from this illness:

Have doubts about other people’s devotion, loyalty, or trustworthiness, feeling that others are exploiting or misleading them.
Are hesitant to rely on people or divulge personal information for fear of it being used against them
Are abrasive and hold grudges
Are too sensitive and have a difficult time accepting criticism
Recognize hidden messages in others’ benign statements or casual looks.
Perceive unnoticed attacks on their character; they often respond with rage and are ready to counterattack.
Have recurring, unfounded concerns that their husbands or lovers are disloyal
In general, they are cold and heartless in their relationships with others, and they may become domineering and envious.
Is unable to see their involvement in difficulties or confrontations, and believes they are always correct.
Have difficulty unwinding
Are aggressive, obstinate, and argumentative

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Causes of Paranoid PD:

While the specific origins of PPD are unknown, genetics and psychosocial factors are thought to have a role. A major genetic component is also expected, as a family history of schizophrenia is considered a risk factor for PPD. Childhood events and trauma may also play a role in the condition’s development.

Diagnosis of Paranoid PD:

A mental health professional will look for the presence of at least four of the above mentioned symptoms to confirm a diagnosis of PPD. They will also rule out paranoia caused by a psychotic episode associated with another diagnosis, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or depression with psychosis.

Common Risk Factors PPD:

Living in a low-income household
Being divorced or separated
Being widowed
Never getting married or living with a partner

Complications:

PPD related thoughts and behaviors might impair a person’s capacity to sustain relationships, as well as their ability to function socially and at work. Persons with PPD frequently become embroiled in legal fights, suing people or businesses they fear are out to harm them.

Prevention of Paranoid Personality Disorder:

Although prevention of Paranoid Personality Disorder might not be possible, treatment can sometimes help a person who is prone to this disorder to learn more useful ways of dealing with circumstances, however some life style modifications such as:

Maintaining the relationships with others
Taking time to unwind and relax
Exercising
Eating well
Getting enough sleep

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Treatment:

Medications

Medication is not usually used to treat PPD. Medication, such as anti-anxiety, antidepressant, or antipsychotic medicines may be recommended if the person’s symptoms are severe, or if they also have a related psychiatric issue, such as depression or anxiety.

Psychological treatment

Treatment for PPD often focuses on assisting patients in developing coping skills. Empathy, trust, communication, self-esteem, social interactions, communication skills, and general coping qualities are frequently emphasized in therapy.

Cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) can assist someone suffering from paranoid personality disorder in recognizing their damaging ideas and cognitive patterns.
CBT can help lessen paranoia and enhance how well your loved one interacts with others by modifying how these beliefs impact their behavior.
CBT may also teach kids healthier strategies to deal with their emotions instead than striking out at others.

November 18 2021

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

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Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder: All You Need to Know

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) is a type of personality disorder marked by excessive perfectionism, orderliness, and neatness. People suffering from OCPD will also have a strong desire to impose their own standards on their surroundings. Personality qualities that are steady, long-held, abnormal, and harmful in some manner are sometimes involved. People with OCPD may find it difficult to relate to others, and their obsession with perfectionism and rigorous control can make it difficult to function normally.

Overview of OCPD

The prognosis for OCPD is often better than for other personality disorders. The rigidity and control of OCPD may preclude many of the consequences that are frequent in other personality disorders, such as substance abuse.

Social isolation and difficulties managing anger are prominent symptoms of OCPD and may lead to anxiety and depression in later life.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms

Causes

Risk Factors

diagnosis

Treatment

Difference between “OCPD” and “OCD”

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) is a personality disorder that is frequently misdiagnosed with (OCD). These two disorders have similar names and are sometimes mistaken with one another, but they are actually two totally distinct and separate conditions.

The key difference is that OCD sufferers engage in repetitive activities, but OCPD sufferers are perfectionistic in many areas, leading their relationships with others to suffer considerably.

Personal connections are not harmed by Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. (OCPD)has a negative influence on interpersonal connections.

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Symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

Commonly observed symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder include the following:

Stiff, formal, or inflexible demeanor
Extreme financial frugality
A strong desire to be prompt
Meticulous attention to detail
Overabundance of dedication to work at the expense of family or social connections
A feeling of right and wrong regarding how things should be done

Perfectionism to the point of impairing capacity to complete tasks
Collecting worn or worthless goods
An unwillingness to share or delegate work due to a worry that it will not be done correctly
An obsession with lists
Strict observance of norms and regulations & order

Symptoms of Compulsion:

Compulsions are behaviors/tasks that have to be done over and over again in response to obsessive thoughts to relieve anxiety and to satisfy your inner self. These compulsion symptoms include:

Washing hands or stuff repeatedly in order to get rid of germs.
Organizing things in a precise way.
Counting stuff, again and again, to make sure about accuracy.
Compulsive counting.
Repeating things

Characters in Image showing causes of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Causes of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder:

It is not yet unknown that what causes OCPD, although there are some theories that explain different possibilities. One idea focuses on attachment styles, claiming that OCPD can develop in toddlers who:

Grew up with overprotective parents who didn’t provide much care
Did not grow emotionally or empathetically as children
Were unable to build trusting ties with their parents

There may also be a biological component to OCPD, since having relatives with the disorder may increase your tendency of developing it.

Complications of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder:

Depression
Anxiety
Difficulty moving forward in career situations
Relationship problems

Diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder:

Your doctor will most likely seek for at least four of the personality characteristics specified in the DSM-5 to diagnose you with OCPD:

Excessive job dedication at the expense of family or friends
Excessive demand for perfection and unyielding control over your surroundings and interpersonal connections
A lack of ability to be kind to others
Inability to assign responsibilities
Inability to dispose of worn-out or useless objects (even those without sentimental value)
Over-conscientiousness
Preoccupation with details, rules, lists, and order, which might cause one to overlook the main goal of an activity
Toughness and rigidity in terms of ethics, morals, values, and/or rule-following

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Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder:

Though more study is needed in this area, most treatment strategies for personality disorders begin with psychotherapy, and sometimes medication is used as a support. Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder Psychotherapy:

Cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) focuses on assisting you in recognizing and eventually changing the negative thinking patterns linked with OCPD.

Psychodynamic therapy is intended to explain your conscious and unconscious ideas and emotions so that you can make better decisions in your daily life.

Medication for Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder:

Your doctor may prescribe medication to assist reduce some of your OCPD symptoms, particularly if you’re also suffering from another disorder such as depression. This might include anxiety medications and/or antidepressants.

Self Help for Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder:

In addition to getting therapy, you can learn some coping methods for OCPD. These may include:

Educating yourself:

Gaining a better understanding of your disease may be a liberating experience. It may assist you in recognizing when an OCPD symptom is causing your behavior so that you may take appropriate action.

Stress management:

Keeping your stress levels under control is generally a good idea. Make a strategy to lessen stress so you’ll be prepared to deal with whatever comes your way.

Self-care:

If you have OCPD, it is easy to neglect yourself while focusing on your current project. Consider incorporating self-care into your daily routine.

Practicing mindfulness and meditation:

Mindfulness can help you identify instances when perfectionism is generating anxiety, for example, so you can take efforts to relax. Meditation is a powerful stress reducer.

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August 7 2021

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

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Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is a mental disorder defined by an established pattern of being fixated on oneself, which pervades the sufferer’s ideas, feelings, and behaviors, as well as their interactions with others. Those with Narcissistic Personality Disorder experience feelings of grandeur and devaluation of others on a regular and daily basis.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder Overview

The term “narcissism” is often used to describe someone who is obsessed with themselves. Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is one of the personality disorders in which someone showcases narcissistic characteristics. This has an impact on how they imagine, act, and interact with those around them.

A person who has Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) may have an idealized self-image and an exaggerated feeling of entitlement. These characteristics may suggest that underneath they lack self-confidence and a profound sense of vulnerability that they are unaware of. Narcissistic Personality Disorder often occurs presents itself during adolescence or young adult years. It is more common in men than women.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) Symptoms

People with Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) have a unique perspective on themselves that differs significantly from that of others. The common symptoms of this disorder include:

Desire to be noticed, valued, and admired
An inordinate feeling of self-importance
Excessive superiority complex
The rule conversations
Ridicule and degrade the ones they consider inferior
Lives in a dream world that feeds their grandiose fantasies.
Display tremendous charisma but then become furious fast
Take advantage of others without remorse
Belittle others and attack with bullying
Unwilling to empathize with other’s emotions
Expect favorable treatment

Fewer characteristics may be related to narcissism in a less evident way.

Relationships are tough to sustain
Anxiousness
Disposed to suspect easily
Feel alone and humiliated even after the slightest criticism
Feel down and irritable because they fall farther behind

Risk factors and complications:

More males are prone to develop Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) than females. It usually begins during the adolescent years.

Complications of Narcissistic Personality Disorder , as well as other disorders that might arise in conjunction with it, might include:

Work or school-related issues
Poor mental health
Anxiety/stress
Exploit of drugs or alcohol
Suicidal thoughts
Other personality issues

Narcissistic Personality Disorder Causes:

The cause of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is uncertain and can be complicated because it coincides with the development of specific personality characteristics and possibly other mental health issues. The following conditions may be associated with Narcissistic Personality Disorder:

Genetic Factors

As with certain psychological disorders, it is considered that a person is susceptible to developing Narcissistic Personality Disorder through genetics and neurobiology.

Environmental Factors

According to some researchers, parenting style may play a vital role in the development of this disorder. Parents sometimes become overprotective or completely neglectful. A child facing this can develop Narcissistic Personality Disorder.

Treatments:

People with Narcissistic Personality Disorder are reluctant to seek any treatment or therapy. However, perceived insults to their self-esteem may make it tough for them to acknowledge and seek or adhere to treatment.

The main treatment for individuals with Narcissistic Personality Disorder is consistent long-term psychotherapy. The narcissistic tendencies can be overcome with the help of an empathic and qualified therapist, but only if the individual is motivated for positive change. Through therapy a person can:

Begin to understand how to create intimate relationships
Comprehend the root reasons for their personal behavior
Better and efficiently regulate their emotions
Boost their self-esteem
Learn to accept responsibility for the consequences of their actions
Actually, recognize the bad influence of their actions on others

Types of psychotherapy that may help are:

Family therapy
Group therapy
(CBT) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Adlerian Psychotherapy

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August 6 2021

Avoidant Personality Disorder

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Avoidant Personality Disorder

Avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) is a long-term pattern of behavior characterized by feelings of inferiority, social shyness, and constant fear of rejection that cause issues in a person’s daily life.

Overview of AVPD:

The avoidance of social settings or encounters that carry the threat of rejection, criticism, or humiliation characterizes (AVPD). Patients suffering from this disorder need social connections but are afraid of putting their well-being in the hands of others. Because these individuals limit their interactions with others, they tend to be somewhat solitary and lack a social network that may assist them in times of need.

According to research, early experiences of rejection and alienation, as well as intrinsic tendencies of social anxiety and avoidance, may all lead to the development of (AVPD). Avoidance in social interactions has been observed as early as the toddler years. Clinical criteria are used to make a diagnosis. Psychotherapy, anxiolytics, and antidepressants are used in treatment.

Avoidant Personality Disorder Symptoms:

Anxiety toward making suggestions
Anxiety toward doing something inappropriate
Avoiding close interactions or meetings
An urge to be liked by others
Avoiding making new acquaintances unless they are certain they will be appreciated
Low self-esteem
Feeling tense and being nervous
Fear of being ridiculed or humiliated
Delay in making the decisions
A lack of trust in others
Considering oneself to be socially incompetent or inadequate

These individuals are extremely sensitive to even the most minor criticism, disdain, or scorn. This is because they are always concerned with being criticized or rejected by others. They are on the lookout for any indication of a bad reaction toward them. Their tight, nervous demeanor may invite mocking or taunting by others and hence appear to validate their ego.

Risk factors of Avoidant Personality Disorder

It is impossible to predict who will develop Avoidant Personality Disorder (AVPD). As with some young people, individuals who develop the condition are generally quite timid and modest. However, not every shy child grows up to acquire the condition. Similarly, not all adults who are shy have the condition. The person with this disorder most likely avoids other people and certain situations. It becomes difficult for them to come out of their shell and face the world. They get fixated on the fear of being rejected.

Diagnosis of Avoidant Personality Disorder

Typically, the diagnosis is based on:

Detailed evaluation of symptoms
Meeting the clinical criteria

Avoidant Personality Disorder Causes

Genetic factors
Environmental, social, and psychological variables
Additional variables that may include emotional abuse, criticism, bullying, or a lack of compassion

Nurturing by a parent or caregiver, and peer rejection as a child may result in the development of this personality disorder.

Complications of Avoidant Personality Disorder

Complications of Avoidant Personality Disorder (AVPD) may include:

Fear of socializing
Stress and depression
Drug addiction
Long-term challenges with social and vocational working

Treatment of AVPD:

The therapy for Avoidant Personality Disorder (AVPD) is comparable to that of other personality disorders in general. The majority of individuals suffering from this disorder tend not to seek therapy. When they do, it is typically for a specific life difficulty or other symptoms such as sadness and anxiety, and they usually stop therapy after the crisis is over.

The most effective treatment for Avoidant Personality Disorder is psychotherapy. The two therapies that may be used by your therapist are:

Psychodynamic psychotherapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT

Therapy can assist you to identify your unconscious ideas about yourself and what is around you.

Medication

If you have co-occurring depression and anxiety, your doctor may prescribe antidepressant medication, but, there is no medication to treat this personality disorder.

June 23 2021

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

admin Personality Disorders

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Schizotypal personality disorder is a condition that affects how someone thinks, feels, and behaves. It’s related to other conditions like schizophrenia, and can sometimes involve unusual thoughts, feelings of suspicion, and difficulty forming close relationships. People with this disorder may feel isolated, have strange beliefs, or experience brief periods where they lose touch with reality.

Overview SPD:

People who meet the criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder are usually labeled as eccentric and they tend to have limited connections with others and within their relationships. They often do not recognize the impact their behavior has on others. They may also struggle with understanding appropriate social cues and develop noteworthy suspicion of other people. These issues can lead to severe stress and a predisposition to escape and avoid social situations. Individuals with this personality disorder have a tendency to hold abnormal beliefs which end up impairing their social functioning.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder usually is identified in early adulthood and is expected to remain throughout life. However, SPD treatment with medications and therapy can help address SPD symptoms as well as early symptoms of schizophrenia disorder and if the person is motivated, it can hopefully assist them to achieve their highest level of personal and social functioning.

Symptoms Of Schizotypal Personality Disorder

The following are SPD symptoms:

Strange mode of thinking or behavior
Infrequent beliefs
Excessive distress in social circumstances
Lack of emotions or incorrect emotional reactions
Abnormal manner of communication that may be pointless
A limited number of friends
Excessive social distress
Suspicion
Paranoia

People with signs and symptoms of schizophrenia tend to live their lives socially isolated. Their thought processes may appear psychotic depression in nature, but they usually do not meet the criteria for a different type of psychotic disorder. Rather, they tend to have magical and/or eccentric thoughts.

Risk factors of Schizotypal Personality Disorder:

SPD usually has a tendency to run in families. You may be at risk if there is a relative that has:

SPD
Schizophrenia Disorder
A type of psychotic disorder
Any other type of personality disorder

Environmental aspects, specifically childhood traumas, may play a role in the occurrence of this disorder. Factors include:

Childhood abuse
Negligence
Childhood distress
Pressure
Having a parent with emotional detachment issues

Causes of SPD:

The major causes of SPD include a link between inherited traits and environmental experiences. People having a close family member with different types of schizophrenia are at higher risk of developing this personality disorder. People who are genetically prone to develop SPD and they experience severe enough psychological distress or long-lasting depression, can increase their risk for developing the disorder.

In normal development, children grow over time to properly interrelate with others, to understand social cues, and to connect back to social circumstances properly and with flexibility. Whereas in those having this disorder there is totally an opposite scenario.

Complications of SPD

People who have SPD are at an increased risk for developing these conditions:

Anxiety
Schizophrenia
Depression
Short-term episodes of psychosis, usually as a reaction to stress
Problems related to drug and/or alcohol addiction
Suicidal tendencies
Problems with school, relationships, work, and social circumstances
Other personality disorders

Diagnosis of SPD

The diagnosis is usually dependent on:

Detailed assessment of symptoms
Complete medical history
Meeting the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).

Coping strategies for SPD:

Although Schizotypal Personality Disorder lasts through life, some of the schizophrenia symptoms can improve over time with the appropriate schizotypal personality disorder treatment. Other factors that may be helpful to reduce schizotypal personality disorder symptoms are:

Healthy relationships with family and friends
Healthy daily routines such as a schedule, healthy sleep cycle, balanced diet, and exercise
A sense of accomplishment at school, work, and other activities

Treatment of SPD:

Schizotypal Personality Disorder treatment usually involves a combination of psychotherapy and medications.

firstlight-Schizotypal-Personality-Disorder-treatment

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy helps the person learn about and build a trusting relationship with someone. Schizotypal personality disorder treatment, psychosis treatment, and treatment resistant schizophrenia will assist the person to develop coping skills to improve their lifestyle and possibly establish appropriate social relationships.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This helps the individual with recognizing negative thought patterns and how to change them, improve activities of daily living, changing problematic behaviors, and learning accuracy with social cues and improving social skills.

Medications:

There are no specific medications for the treatment of Schizotypal Personality Disorder; however, a psychiatrist may prescribe an anti-depressant to help reduce negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and positive symptoms of schizophrenia of depression and/or anti-anxiety medicines for dealing with anxiety. Some medications might assist in improving the person’s thought processes by bringing it closer to reality.

June 11 2021

Histrionic Personality Disorder

admin Personality Disorders

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Histrionic Personality Disorder is a type of Cluster B personality disorder. It is characterized by a pattern of persistent attention-seeking histrionic personality disorder behavior, excessive desire for approval, and emotionality including the histrionic traits of being easily influenced by others, being self-centered, and excessive sensitivity to disapproval and criticism.

Overview Of HPD

A histrionic personality disorder is the subtype of a group of personality disorders. Individuals with this disorder tend to have intense unsteady relationships and misrepresented self-perceptions. Their self-esteem weighs heavily on the approval of others rather than from feeling their own self-worth. These individuals have an irresistible desire to get noticed and they often act histrionically (dramatically) or inappropriately to seek attention from others. The word histrionic itself means dramatic. The histrionic disorder is more common in females than males and observation of onset occurs in early adulthood.

Chart image of histrionic personality disorder

Causes HPD

The causes of histrionic personality disorder are believed that both acquired and inherited aspects play a role in its development. For example, the predisposition for this personality disorder to fun in families leads one to believe that the disorder may be inherited. The children of a parent having this personality disorder lead one to believe that it might be acquired through learned histrionic behavior.

Some environmental factors may play a role in the development of these histrionic personality traits. During childhood this could be constant disapproval or being given consequences for mistakes and positive reinforcement is only given only when the child performs certain approved behaviors. Unnecessary attention is given to the child and all of this can lead to confusion as to what types of behaviors are acceptable.

Symptoms of HPD

Showing feelings of being uncomfortable unless you are the center of attention.
Dressing provocatively and being seductive or exhibiting flirty behavior.
Rapid shifts of emotions.
Manipulating others so you can become the center of attention.
Acting very melodramatically like performing in front of an audience with overstated expressions and lacking sincerity.
Being excessively anxious with physical appearance.
Constant seeking of approval and praise from others.
Being susceptible and easily impressed by others.
Being extremely sensitive to disapproval and criticism.
Having a low level of patience for obstructions and being easily fed up by the routine schedule.
Acting without thinking.
Making reckless decisions.
Being self-obsessed and seldom showing concern for others.
Having difficulty maintaining relationships; usually shallow with connections and relations with others.
Foretelling or attempting to commit suicide for attention-seeking disorder.

Complications of HPD

Histrionic Personality Disorder can negatively influence an individual’s social life and their relationships with family members because of how the person acts in response to disappointments. People having HPD are at greater risk for developing depression compared to the general population.

Diagnosis of HPD

If Histrionic Personality Disorder symptoms are present, a physician will take a complete history. There are no specific laboratory or other medical tests to diagnose HPD, but a physician may conduct some medical tests to see if there is an underlying illness causing symptoms of HPD. If no physical causes are found, the physician will more than likely refer the individual to a psychiatrist or mental health professional who is particularly skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. Psychiatrists and psychologists will use specifically designed screening and assessment tools to assess a person for a histrionic disorder.

Treatment of Histrionic Personality Disorder

One of the characteristics of Histrionic Personality Disorder is that the individual typically does not accept that they need a treatment plan for HPD. They tend to overstate their feelings and they are displeased from following a routine, which makes it problematic for them to follow a treatment plan for histrionic personality disorder. On the other hand, they might search for help if they develop depression, for example, due to a failed relationship. The following are the types of treatments:

Psychotherapy:

Psychotherapy is usually the most preferred type of treatment for HPD. The main goal of treatment is to help the individual find out the causative factors of Histrionic Personality symptoms and the fears related to his or her beliefs and behavior and to assist the individual in learning more positive ways to deal with others.

Medication:

There is no specific class of psychotropic medications to treat a personality disorder. Several types of medication may be prescribed to treat Histrionic Disorder symptoms of mood swings, aggression, anxiety, panic attacks, or depression if they are present and interfere with day-to-day functioning.