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Muscle Dysmorphia

Muscle Dysmorphia

Muscle Dysmorphia: An Un-Recognized Type of Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Muscle dysmorphia is a mental disorder in which a person believes their physique and muscles are too tiny. Muscle dysmorphia is more commonly associated with men but it can also affect women. Despite the fact that muscle dysmorphia (MD) is a bodily dysmorphic disease, it has some parallels to eating disorders (ED).

Overview OF MD

Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) is a term used to describe an excessive preoccupation with one’s own muscularity. It’s characterized by a high desire to gain muscle mass while maintaining a low body fat percentage.
Many MD patients are resistant to treatment. Recognizing that you have a problem and seeking help from a professional, on the other hand, can give you the best chance of beating MD. If you suspect you might have MD or another type of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), you should see an experienced healthcare practitioner who can help you develop a treatment plan.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms
Symptoms
Causes
Causes
Complications
Complications
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Muscle Dysmorphia

Symptoms of Muscle Dysmorphia

There are few valid physical or psychological factors to diagnose muscular dysmorphia aside from measuring a person’s Body Mass Index (BMI).
The following are some of the most commonly reported symptoms:

  • Considering becoming more muscular for an extended period of time
  • Excessive monitoring of the body
  • Unrealistic dietary and exercise plans, which can cause severe distress.
  • Dissatisfaction with one’s physical appearance, particularly muscularity and size
  • Despite evidence to the contrary, a strong sense that one’s muscles are inadequate.
  • Active avoidance of situations that could result in bodily exposure
  • Due to muscularity concerns, avoiding persons, places, or activities
    These symptoms frequently obstruct daily obligations and well-being, including job and family interactions.

Causes of Muscle Dysmorphia

Muscle dysmorphia is caused by a variety of factors that are unknown. Muscle dysmorphia, like many other mental health illnesses, can be caused by a mix of factors, including familial history of the disorder, brain abnormalities, and poor body or self-image evaluations or experiences. Muscle dysmorphia has been identified as a subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder in several investigations. Others have suggested that it could be a reaction to physical or sexual abuse. A link has also been found between being a victim of childhood bullying.

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Risk Factors of Muscle Dysmorphia

Bodybuilders and others who lift weights are thought to be at a higher risk than the general population because they frequently engage in muscle-building activities. People with MD have higher BMIs and greater muscle mass than the ordinary individual. A 2013 study looked at the risk of acquiring MD in male and female athletes who were both competitive and noncompetitive and discovered that men had a considerably higher risk of MD than women. Athletes who competed were more in danger than those who did not compete. Athletes who lifted weights to change their bodies’ appearance were more at danger than those who aimed to improve their performance.

Muscle Dysmorphia and Co-occurring Disorders

Supplements may be used excessively by people with muscular dysmorphia to help them achieve an unattainable body image. This can sometimes put them at risk for serious health problems. In order to grow muscle mass even further, people with this disease may utilize illegal medications like anabolic steroids or testosterone. People with muscular dysmorphia are prone to substance misuse and eating problems because they are susceptible to image-related ideas and routines.

Prevention of MD

Muscle dysmorphia cannot be prevented. Since it commonly begins in early adolescence, detecting the illness and initiating treatment early may be beneficial. Long-term maintenance treatment may also help prevent muscular dysmorphia symptoms from relapsing.

Diagnosis of Muscle Dysmorphia

The Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory can be used to examine factors that contribute to the development of MD. There are 13 items in this survey, with answers ranging from “never” to “often.” The following are some of the items that appear on this survey:

  • I wish I had stronger arms.
  • Due to my workout/exercise schedule, I had to cancel social engagements with friends.
  • I feel depressed when I skip one or more days of exercise.
  • When people see me without a shirt, it makes me feel self-conscious.
  • I hate my physical appearance.

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Treatment of MD

Many people with muscle dysmorphia don’t realize they have it. The first step is to find those who are struggling. There’s no medicine specifically for this condition. However, a doctor can help spot harmful thoughts and behaviors that are causing the problem.

CBT (a type of talk therapy) has proven to be very helpful in treating muscle dysmorphia. While CBT is the best treatment, some antidepressants can also help manage the obsessive side of the condition.

Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa: An Un-Recognized Type of Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Bulimia nervosa is a type of eating disorder that is also known as bulimia. It’s a dangerous illness that can lead to death. It is defined as episodes of binge eating that are followed by inappropriate reaction actions such as purging. Forced vomiting, strenuous activity, or the use of laxatives or diuretics can all cause purging.

Overview of Bulimia Nervosa

According to studies, about 1.5 percent of women and .5 percent of males will develop bulimia at some point in their lives. It is most common in women, and it is most prevalent between adolescence and early adulthood. People having bulimia frequently have an unrealistic body image. They are concerned with their weight and are quite critical of themselves. Bulimia affects a large number of persons who are normal weight or even overweight. Bulimia can be difficult to detect and diagnose as a result of this. People having bulimia typically weigh within the normal weight range for their age and height. They may be afraid of gaining weight, desire to reduce weight, and be unsatisfied with their physique.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms
Symptoms
Causes
Causes
Complications
Complications
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
bulimia-nervosa-blog

Symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa

Common symptoms of bulimia involve:

  •  A long-term fear about gaining weight
  • Remarks regarding one’s weight
  • Obsessiveness with one’s weight and appearance
  • A deeply unfavorable self-perception
  • Overeating
  • A lot of vomiting
  • A lack of participation in usual social activities
  • Using too many laxatives or diuretics
  • Using weight-loss supplements or herbs
  • A lot of exercises
  • Discolored teeth (from stomach acid)
  • Calluses on the palms and backs of hands
  • Going to the bathroom right after eating
  • Refusing to eat in front of people

Possible Causes:

Bulimia’s actual cause is unknown. Genetics, biology, emotional health, societal expectations, and other factors could all have a part in the development of eating disorders.

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Risk Factors of Bulimia Nervosa

The fact that bulimia runs in families means that you may be predisposed to the condition. Other aspects to consider are:

  • Being a woman
  • Anxiety and depression-related disorders
  • Substance abuse problems
  • Traumatic experiences
  • Stress
  • Constant dieting

Complications of Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia can have a variety of dangerous and even life-threatening consequences. Complications that may arise include:

  • Low self-esteem, as well as issues with relationships and social functioning
  • Dehydration, which can lead to serious health issues like renal failure.
  • Cardiovascular issues, such as an irregular pulse or heart failure
  • Females might have no or irregular periods
    • Digestive issues
  • Anxiety, sadness, personality problems, or bipolar illness are all examples of anxiety disorders.
  • Abuse of alcohol or other drugs
  • Self-harm, suicidal ideation, or suicide
  • Tooth enamel erosion as a result of repeated exposure to stomach acid
  • Cavities in the teeth and discolored teeth

Prevention of Bulimia Nervosa

It’s difficult to tell how bulimia might be prevented because the underlying etiology of the condition is unknown. Educators and parents, on the other hand, can assist young people understand that the media’s “ideal” body type is unrealistic and, in some cases, dangerous.

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Diagnosis of Dysmorphic Disorder

  • Your doctor will consider the criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to diagnose Bulimia Nervosa (DSM-5). The following are some of the diagnostic criteria for bulimia:
  • Binge eating on a regular basis
  • Vomiting on a regular basis
  • Consistent purging practices, such as excessive exercise, laxative abuse, and fasting
  • Determining self-worth based on body weight and shape
  • At least once a week bingeing, purging, and purging habits for three months on average
  • Not suffering from anorexia nervosa

Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa

Care focuses on mental health treatment as well as diet and nutrition instruction. It requires the development of a positive self-image and a positive connection with food. There are several treatment options available, including:

  • Antidepressants, such as fluoxetine (Prozac), the only antidepressant approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of bulimia.
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy, family-based therapy, and interpersonal psychotherapy are examples of psychotherapy, commonly known as talk therapy.
  • Nutritionist support and nutrition instruction, which includes learning about healthy eating habits, creating a nutritious meal plan, and maybe a weight-loss program under supervision.
  • Comprehensive treatment, which may include hospitalization in severe cases of bulimia.
    Antidepressants, psychotherapy, and a collaborative approach between your doctor, mental health provider, and family and friends are all common components of successful treatment.
    Live-in or day treatment programs are available at several eating disorder treatment centers. Patients in treatment facilities’ live-in programs are supported and cared for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Patients are able to attend classes, therapy sessions, and consume healthy meals. They could also do light yoga to improve their body awareness. Most important is to make sure that you seek a mental health provided that specializes in eating disorders.

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa, often known as anorexia, is a life-threatening eating disorder characterized by increased weight loss and self-starvation. Anorexia Nervosa patients have unusually low body weight, a strong fear of gaining weight, and a skewed view of their weight.

Overview of Anorexia Nervosa

Eating disorders impact at least 9% of the global population, with anorexia affecting 1% to 2% of the population. It affects about 0.3 percent of teenagers.
Anorexia nervosa patients consume a very low-calorie diet and are terrified of gaining weight. When individuals lose weight, they generally feel better about themselves.

Anorexia, like other eating disorders, has the potential to take over your life and be extremely difficult to overcome. However, with treatment, you can regain a better understanding of who you are, return to healthier eating habits, and reverse some of the terrible consequences of anorexia.

Following Topics of This Blog Have Been Discussed Below:

Symptoms
Symptoms
Causes
Causes
Complications
Complications
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Anorexia Nervosa

Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa

Inability to maintain a normal weight, exhaustion, insomnia, skin that is yellow or blotchy and covered in soft, fine hairs, hair thinning or falling out, constipation, more than three cycles without a period, dry skin, and low blood pressure are all signs of anorexia nervosa.

You may also notice the following behaviors:
Excessive exercise, moving food around the plate instead of eating it, or cutting food into small pieces, anger, withdrawal from social activities, low mood, hunger denial, and the use of diuretics, laxatives, or diet pills are all factors that might contribute to weight gain.

Causes of AN

Although the specific etiology of anorexia is unknown, research suggests that it may be caused by a combination of personality traits, emotions, and thinking habits, as well as biochemical and environmental variables. Peer pressure and a society that associates thinness and physical attractiveness with beauty can all contribute to the development of anorexia. Physical causes of eating problems are also possible. Changes in hormones that regulate mood, hunger, thinking, and memory in the body and mind could lead to eating disorders. Because anorexia nervosa tends to run in families, it’s possible that vulnerability to the condition is partly inherited.

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What are Risk Factors: 

Anorexia is caused by a number of reasons, including:

  • Genetics. Changes in specific genes may increase the risk of anorexia in some people. Those who have a first-degree relative with anorexia — a parent, sibling, or child are at a significantly higher risk.
  • Starvation and dieting. Dieting has been linked to the development of eating disorders. Many of the symptoms of anorexia are simply indicators of malnutrition, according to studies. Starvation has an effect on the brain, causing mood swings, inflexible thinking, anxiety, and a decrease in appetite. Invulnerable individuals, starvation, and weight loss may alter the way the brain works, perpetuating restrictive eating practices and making it difficult to return to regular eating habits.
  • Transitions. Change can cause emotional stress and increase the risk of anorexia, whether it’s a new school, house, or job; a relationship split; or a loved one’s death or illness.

Complications of Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia can cause many health problems. These include heart issues like abnormal rhythms or failure, bone loss, muscle loss, and gastrointestinal problems. It can also affect electrolyte levels and kidneys. Every organ, including the brain, heart, and kidneys, can be harmed if someone with anorexia is very malnourished. Even if anorexia is treated, this damage may not be fully fixed.

Anorexia sufferers frequently suffer from other mental health conditions in addition to physical complications. They may include the following:

  • Anxiety, depression, and other mood disorders
  • Personality problems
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD)
  • Misuse of alcohol and other drugs
  • Self-harm, suicidal ideation, or attempted suicide

Prevention of Anorexia Nervosa

There is no proven prevention for anorexia nervosa. However, being aware of the disorder’s symptoms can aid in the rapid diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. If you or a loved one is obsessed with weight, exercising excessively, or unsatisfied with their appearance, you should get professional help.

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Diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) by the American Psychiatric Association lists criteria for diagnosing anorexia nervosa. There are three criteria for anorexia nervosa in the DSM-5.

  • Calorie restriction results in weight loss or failure to gain weight, resulting in very low body weight for that person’s age, sex, height, and growth stage.
  • A strong fear of gaining weight or becoming “fat.”
  • Having a skewed perception of themselves and their situation. In other words, the person is unable to accurately judge their body weight and shape believes that their look has a significant impact on their self-worth, and ignores the medical significance of their current low body weight and/or dietary restriction.

Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa

Treatment aims to help you regain a healthy weight and eating habits. A dietician can teach you proper eating techniques. Your family may also join therapy sessions. Anorexia nervosa can be a lifelong challenge.

  • Therapy

    To overcome anorexia nervosa, you and your family must put in a lot of effort. Individual, family, and group therapy are frequently used as part of the treatment process.

  • Individual Counseling

    Anorexia nervosa is frequently treated using a type of therapy known as cognitive-behavioral therapy. CBT aids in the transformation of negative thoughts and behaviors. Its purpose is to assist you in learning to manage powerful emotions and developing a healthy sense of self-esteem.

  • Counseling for Families

    Family therapy enlists the help of family members to help you maintain a balanced diet and lifestyle. In addition, family therapy aids in the resolution of family issues. It can help create support for the family member learning to cope with anorexia nervosa. It can assist a family member to manage with anorexia nervosa by providing support.

  • Group Counselling

    People with anorexia nervosa can interact with others who suffer from the same illness through group treatment. However, being the thinnest can occasionally lead to competition. It is critical that you attend group therapy led by a certified medical expert in order to avoid this.

  • Medication

While no drug has been proved to cure anorexia nervosa, antidepressants may be used to address the anxiety and despair that anorexia patients experience. These may assist you in feeling better. Antidepressants, on the other hand, have no effect on the desire to reduce weight.

  • Hospitalization

Your doctor might keep you in the hospital for a few days to treat your anorexia nervosa if your weight loss is severe. If you’re too thin or dehydrated, you might get a feeding tube and IV fluids. If you still won’t eat or have mental health problems, your doctor might admit you to the hospital for more intense treatment.

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